Multiple studies have demonstrated that water fasting for up to 21 days is well-tolerated [1, 2], although large studies on time frames longer than this have been limited and, to our knowledge, not incorporated the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) for appetite suppression
This helps limit secondary injury and edema
As most RCTs were designed to evaluate metabolic or cardiovascular outcomes rather than cancer endpoints, their follow-up periods may be insufficient to fully capture the latency of solid tumor development
Circulation 129(5):587597 van Bommel EJ, Muskiet MH, van Baar MJ, Tonneijck L, Smits MM, Emanuel AL et al (2019) The renal hemodynamic effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin are caused by post-glomerular vasodilatation rather than pre-glomerular vasoconstriction in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes in the randomized, double-blind RED trial