The authors administered oral Dihexa to APP/PS1 transgenic mice (a standard amyloidopathy model of Alzheimers disease) and showed that brain AngIV levels were elevated relative to wild-type after Dihexa administration, that spatial learning and memory were restored on Morris water maze testing, that hippocampal neuronal density and synaptophysin protein expression were preserved, that astrocyte and microglial activation were reduced, and that pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF-) decreased while anti-inflammatory IL-10 increased
Wiehle R, Fontenot G, Willet M et al
[2] Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrate rapid systemic distribution with peak plasma levels occurring within 30-60 minutes of intramuscular injection, followed by extensive hepatic storage and enterohepatic recycling
In summary, vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that helps create new red blood cells, maintain nerves, produce DNA, and enable cell division